MP Clusters MP sub-Clusters Representative References Key concepts
Entrepreneurial innovation and digital transformation Black Beliaeva et al. (2019); Ghezzi & Cavallo (2020); Guerrero et al. (2020); Endres et al. (2021); Ghorbel et al. (2021) Digital entrepreneurship, Agile business model innovation, Innovation ecosystem, Entrepreneurship ecosystem, Social innovations, Lean startup
Dark green Kenney (1986); Hung & Whittington (2011); Autio et al. (2014); Bruton et al. (2015); Nambisan et al. (2019) Entrepreneurial innovation, Digital transformation, Entrepreneurial ecosystems, Innovation systems, Institutional entrepreneurship, Schumpeterian innovation, Entrepreneurial finance
Sustainable innovation and entrepreneurship Blue Johnson (2001); Zhao (2005); Schaltegger & Wagner (2011); Schaltegger et al. (2016); Presenza & Messeni Petruzzelli (2019); Lüdeke‐Freund (2020); Matzembacher et al. (2020); Haftor & Costa Climent (2020) Sustainability innovation, Sustainable entrepreneurship, Business model innovation, Ecological sustainability, Industrial entrepreneurship, Institutional entrepreneurship, Digital transformation; Entrepreneurialism
Product innovation and Knowledge Carmine Yoon et al. (2018); Leonidou et al. (2020); Piñeiro-Chousa et al. (2020); Beynon et al. (2021) Knowledge, Stakeholder engagement, Government intervention, Innovation management, Entrepreneurship development, Innovative nascent entrepreneurship
Light Purple Atuahene-Gima & Ko (2001); Salavou & Lioukas (2003); Avlonitis & Salavou (2007); Soriano & Huarng (2013) Product innovation, Entrepreneurship orientation, Market orientation, Knowledge industries, SMEs
Entrepreneurial orientation and leadership Red Bagheri et al. (2020b); Bagheri et al. (2020a); Akbari et al. (2020); Iqbal et al. (2020) Entrepreneurial leadership, Innovation work behaviour, Creative self-efficacy, Employee innovative behaviour, Psychological safety, Affective commitment
Orange Miller & Friesen (1982); Kreiser & Davis (2010); Huang et al. (2014); Kollmann & Stöckmann (2014); Bagheri (2017) Entrepreneurial orientation, Innovative behaviour, Performance Entrepreneurial firms, innovativeness, Risk taking, Proactiveness, Exploitative innovation, Exploratory innovation, Entrepreneurial leadership, Environmental dynamism, Opportunity recognition
Regional entrepreneurship and innovation (innovative entrepreneurship and historical roots) Light green Beugelsdijk (2007); Koellinger (2008); Block et al. (2013) Regional innovativeness and growth, Entrepreneurial culture, Business opportunities, Knowledge spillovers, Commercialization of knowledge
Dark purple Marcati et al. (2008); Baron & Tang (2011); Ahlin et al. (2014) Entrepreneurs’ innovativeness and personality, Entrepreneurial self-efficacy, Entrepreneurs’ Creativity, Entrepreneurs’ affect (feelings and emotions), Innovative behaviour
Pink Block et al. (2017); Darnihamedani et al. (2018); Fritsch & Wyrwich (2018); Fritsch et al. (2019); Del Monte et al. (2020) Innovative entrepreneurship, Regional knowledge, entrepreneurship-facilitating culture, Schumpeterian entrepreneur, Start-up costs, Corporate taxes, Personal income taxes, Innovative start-ups